Q.
a) Explain the differences between the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Gross National Product (GNP). (8 marks)
b) Explain the three (3) main roles of the Central Bank in Malaysia (12 marks)
(20 marks, 2017 Q3)
A. (Appreciate DaniellePee for alerting this missing question. 7 Oct, 2018)
a) Differences between GDP and GNP.
Similar question was asked:
b) 3 main roles of Central Bank in Malaysia.
Good reading here for Central Bank in India. In Bahasa Malaysia, there is this write up below from Scribd.
Fungsi Bank Negara Malaysia
1. Mengeluarkan dan mengawal mata wang negara
- Wang kertas dan syiling
- Kawal kiriman wang ke luar negara
2. Menjadi jurubank kepada kerajaan
- Sediakan khidmat kewangan kepada kerajaan
- Sebagai penasihat pelaburan kerajaan
- Jual bil perbendaharaan/surat jaminan kerajaan
3. Melaksanakan dasar kewangan kerajaan
- Awasi tahap kredit
- Tetapkan nisbah rizab berkanun/aset mudah tunai
4. Menjadi jurubank kepada bank perdagangan
- Sumber pinjaman terakhir
Ref:
There was a question asked about comparing Central Bank and Commercial Bank.
- implementing monetary policies.
- setting the official interest rate – used to manage both inflation and the country's exchange rate – and ensuring that this rate takes effect via a variety of policy mechanisms
- controlling the nation's entire money supply
- the Government's banker and the bankers' bank ("lender of last resort")
- managing the country's foreign exchange and gold reserves and the Government's stock register
- regulating and supervising the banking industry
Ref:
Wikipedia search "Central Bank", available at
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_bank#Activities_and_responsibilities_of_the_central_banks